Exchange transfusion is a critical medical procedure performed in newborns to treat severe conditions like neonatal jaundice, hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), and certain metabolic disorders. This procedure involves gradually replacing the infant's blood with donor blood to remove harmful substances and restore normal blood composition..
Exchange transfusion is primarily used for:
The procedure is done in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) under sterile conditions. A catheter is inserted into a major blood vessel, and small volumes of the baby’s blood are slowly removed and replaced with matched donor blood. This gradual process helps stabilize the baby’s condition while avoiding sudden blood pressure changes.
Although life-saving, exchange transfusion has potential risks, including:
After exchange transfusion, newborns require close monitoring for:
Exchange transfusion remains a crucial treatment for newborns with severe blood-related disorders. With advances in neonatal care, early diagnosis and timely intervention can significantly improve outcomes. Pediatric specialists ensure that this procedure is performed safely, offering newborns a better start to life.
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